3. About a foot above the table top is plenty. Using the geometric sequence for an infinite sequence and substituting the given values we get: \(S_{\infty} = 2 \cdot \frac{\alpha}{1-r} = 2 \cdot \frac{6m}{1-0.38} = 19.35 m\). There are three types of variables: Controlled Variables: You can have as many controlled variables as you like. A bouncing ball is an example of oscillatory motion as the ball is oscillating about the equilibrium position. An experiment has several types of variables, including a control variable (sometimes called a controlled variable). This help to greatly increase the accuracy of the experiment. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. At the point of maximum height, the ball momentarily has zero velocity, and the direction of velocity is changing from positive to negative. Is your hypothesis correct? The force that causes a ball to bounce is the reaction force described by Newton's third law of motion. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. For the lowest three points air resistance is approximately equal to zero due to the ball having a low velocity, as it was dropped from a low height, and therefore hits less air particles per second than a ball traveling at a faster speed. 1. With no net force, the acceleration = 0 and the ball falls at a constant velocity. I do not believe that any ball will reach terminal velocity in this experiment seeing as the maximum height that they can be dropped from is 2m and, as the ball is quite smooth, I do not believe that it will have enough time to accelerate to its terminal velocity before it hits the floor. The bounce of a dropped ball has a direct relation with the air pressure inside the ball. To set up the ", " My husband and son came with me for the tour. or hold Ctrl and then use arrow keys to move the wave 0.01 second left or right. As in both cases the main form of energy is GPE it follows that the higher the ball is dropped from, the higher the ball will bounce. Method:The apparatus will be set up as shown: H is the height of the ball before it is dropped. the initial height of your ball when you released it. On a molecular level, the rubber is made from long chains of polymers. Our dependent variable was. The energy chain is as follows: Therefore as energy cannot be created or destroyed the energy the ball starts with must be directly proportional to the energy the ball finishes with, at the top of its bounce, and so if the ball starts with more energy it must therefore finish with more. The more energy that the ball possessed before being dropped, the more energy was converted into KE while the ball fell. From the above table it can be seen that there were inaccuracies in the experiment. Once the drag force equals the gravitational force all forces are equal and acceleration stops. However, the tennis ball we used may be a very old one, and to definitely prove that our hypothesis is wrong for most tennis balls we would need to repeat the experiment with many different tennis balls. A geometric sequence is a progression where each term is related to the previous term, and it is related to the previous term by a number r, which is known as the common ratio of the sequence. Thus a typical ball bounces to 60% of its original height because it stores and returns 60% of the energy it had before the bounce. Without a control you cannot be sure that changing the variable causes your observations. The energy that the ball hits the floor with is kinetic energy. Dependent variable is the height that the ball bounces. For the lowest three points air resistance is approximately equal to zero due to the ball having a low velocity, as it was dropped from a low height, and therefore hits less air particles per second than a ball traveling at a faster speed. Why if you drop a ball from say 2 meters does it bounce higher than a ball dropped from 1 meter? CoR = coefficient of restitution = (speed after collision)/(speed before collision). The ball rebounds to 72 percent of its previous height and continues to fall. When the ball collides with the floor, the ball becomes deformed. The sum of the two, mechanical energy, stays the same ( is conserved.). The ball did not appear to reach its terminal velocity which also supports my prediction. 30% of the energy that the ball hits the floor wit is lost. The experiment was conducted as the method (below) states. Above this point the height all balls will bounce to will not be directly proportional to the height they are dropped from, but the increase in the height they bounce to will increase more slowly in proportion to the height they are dropped from compared to the increase between lower heights before the ball shows signs of approaching its terminal velocity before it hits the ground. This is why it h2will be from the bottom of the ball as it hits the floor to the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing. WebThe main variables in a science experiment are the independent variable, the dependent variable and the control variables. If you get more than one value, calculate and record the average. This experiment would provide me with more results that are relevant to the experiment that I have already conducted. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. What is happening to the balls energy with each bounce? Create and find flashcards in record time. The more KE the ball leaves the floor with the longer it takes to stop due to the force of gravity and return back to the floor again. I plan to collect at least ten results as this will make the conclusion and graph I am able to draw from the experiment more accurate than if I had less results than ten. At the moment of impact, the ball also experiences deformation and the coefficient of restitution, which depends on the bounciness of the ball. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. It depends only on the elasticity of the ball itselfa super ball returns a large fraction while a beanbag returns a tiny fraction. This phenomenon is described by Newton's third law. Controlled variables are air temperature, air flow, air pressure where you perform your tests. Use a uniform surface to drop the ball onto. This will hopefully discount any anomalies automatically and leave us with three accurate and reliable results. The Yes, as the ball is oscillating about the equilibrium position (in height) and goes back to its initial position after a period of time. The surface onto which the ball is dropped will affect the height to which the ball bounces because for any two objects that collide, the properties of both determine the percentage of the kinetic energy either possesses approaching the collision that is conserved subsequent to the collision taking place (Coefficient to restitution) discounting the effects of air resistance. Taking an average of several results creates a measurement in the middle of the variation created by the experiment, which is the result that is closest to the height that would be recorded for the balls bounce if it were measured in an experiment that was totally accurate. = The distance between the bottom of the ball before it is dropped and the ground. This is because it is the easiest and quickest variable to alter. Report DMCA Overview This will be called the average of the middle three repeats. (The upward direction was assumed to be positive in this example. Possible sources of error include several types of measurement errors. Therefore any change to the weight of the ball will affect the energy the ball has initially, which, as previously stated, affects the height to which the ball bounces. The first thing to check is how you are making your measurements. Specifically, you are tasked to determine: B.) Use the same point on the ball (top) or (bottom) when judging both the height Questions lead to more questions, which lead to additional hypothesis that need to be tested. If you change more than one at a time, you will not know what variable is causing your observation. When you hold a ball above a surface, the ball has potential energy. You will then take your bounces and their respective time intervals to a spread sheet. Experiment 2 is for testing the effect of air pressure. Research questions pose a question about the (Their ideas might include surface texture, colour, size, what its made of, squashiness, opacity, weight, air pockets, temperature, cost, shininess/dullness, hardness/softness, age, layers of materials.) WebThe Bounciest Ball Experiment Overview: In this lesson, students conduct a series of experiments with different balls to observe which bounce the highest and to see how they could make balls bounce higher. Bounce/Release is the relation of bounce height to the release height. Parallax error will be avoided by dropping the ball one time that will not be measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. Data Table 2: Average Bounce Height at Each Height: Graph 1: Height of Ball drop versus Height of ball bounce: Our data indicates that the hypothesis was incorrect. The drag force increases as the ball goes faster.